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Antigens:  These are the substances which enters into the body and attacks on the immune system and causes harm to the body.  These are the foriegn substances that induce the production of antibodies. However antigens are responsible for the formation of antibodies. Antibodies are produced by the immune system. Antibodies: These are the proteins which are formed by the immune system and kills the harmful foreign substances. Antibodies get activated when any foreign substance enters into the body.  Antigens induce to produce antibodies and both antigens and antibodies fights with each other and either of them gets win. It means if antibodies succed in killing antigens then it causes no harm to the body. And if antigens kills the whole antibodies then it may cause harm to the body. Production of antibodies is depend on the efficiency of our immune system. If the immune system is powerful then more amount of antibodies are produced. Immune system is at th...

         Functional groups          Formulae         1.       Alcohol                                R-OH         2.       Ketone                                 R-CO-R              3.      Aldehyde                              R-CO-H         4.      Carboxylic acid                   R-COOH         5.       Ether                                  ...

Plants are generally planted for the reduction of  air pollution and to provide a refreshing breath to us. But how did it happen? Actually many of us have a wrong perception that plants releases oxygen and intakes carbondioxide But in the Respiration, the process which involves uptake of oxygen and release of carbondioxide, there is no oxygen which is released in the environment and instead of that carbondioxide is releasing. So how it is helpful to us and to the environment? During the process of photosynthesis, plants utilises carbondioxide, water,sunlight as the major components and prepare its own food material. Photosynthesis takes place only during day time.  Thus plants utilises carbondioxide for photosynthesis which helps in reduction of that harmful gas from the atmosphere. But during the night time photosynthesis process is not possible as there is no light. So plants undergoes only Respiration process at night. It might be harmful to our health to be ...

Yes. Male Pigeon produces milk.     In pigeon both the sexes, male and female produces milk and feed thier young one's.     Milk is produced in Crop region. Mainly in the glandular region of crop, the milk is produced to feed the young ones.      The Prolactin harmone stimulates and controls the formation of pigeon's milk.

External features to identify Monocts: By leaves : Monocots consist of parallel venation. This is the main feature for identifying monocots. By Roots : Fibrous roots are present in monocots. By Seed : Embryo contains single cotyledon. Ex: Wheat,maize,etc. External features for identifying dicots: By leaves  : Reticulate venation on the surface of leaves. By Roots  : Tap root system is found in dicots. By seed  : Embryo  contains two cotyledons. Ex: Gram, pea, etc.

Tissues: A group of cells which are structurally and functionlly similar are called as tissue. Types of tissues: Tissues are of two types 1.Meristematic tissue. 2.Permenant tissue. Meristematic tissue: A group of cells which are immature and involves in active cell division. These are present at the apical region of root, stem and lateral branches.    Meristematic tissue is again divided into many types based on origin, position and plane.     On the basis of origin it is divided into two types. They are:         a. Primary meristem.         b. Secondary meristem.      On the basis of position it is further divided into three types. They are:         a. Apical meristem.         b. Intercalary meristem.         c. Lateral meristem.       On the basis of plane of division it is divided into three types....

MEIOSIS: The cells undergoes division and results in the formation of haploid daughter cells and reduces the number of chromosomal number by half. Meiosis is also called as Reduction division or Heterotypic division. Key  features of meiosis: It involves nuclear and cell division called meiosis-1 and meiosis-2 respectively. Only one cycle of DNA replication takes place. It involves paoring of homologous chromosomes and recombination between them. At last four haploid cells are formed . Meiosis-1: Meiosis-1 initiates when the parental chromosomes replicate to produce identical sister chromatids.     It has four phases. They are: 1.prophase-1 2.metaphase-1 3.anaphase-1 4.telophase-1 Prophase-1: It is sub divided into five(5) phases. 1. Leptotene : chromosomes comes closer together and visible under microscope. 2. Zygotene:  chromosomes start pairing together forming a synapse. Paired chromosomes are called homologous ...