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Stereoisomers are further divided into two types. They are 1) Enantiomers 2)Diastereomers Enantiomers: These are the isomers which are mirror images and non-superimposable are called  Enantiomers. These are also called as optical isomers. Ex.(+)Menthol and (-)Menthol. Diastereomers: These isomers are non-mirror images and non-superimposable are called Diastereomers.    

Constitutional isomers are further divided into three types.They are: 1)Positional isomers 2)Functional group isomers 3)Chain isomers Positional isomers: The compounds having the same molecular formula but differ in the position of double bond or triple bond or the functiobla group are called positional isomers. Ex:  But-1-ene ; But-2-ene.       Pentan-1-ol ; Pentan-2-ol. Functional group isomers: The compounds having the same molecular formula but which differ in the functional groups is called functional group isomers. Ex:C₂H₆O⇒CH₃-CH₂-OH(Ethanol)  ;  CH₃-O-CH₃(Dimethyl ether). Chain isomers: The compounds having same molecular formula but differ only in arrangements of carbon atom in the main carbon chain. Ex: C₄H₁₀⇒Butane ; 2-Methyl propane.

ISOMERISM: The compounds having the the same molecular formula but which differ in their properties is called as Isomers and the phenomenon is considered as Isomerism.          It is further categorized into two types: They are 1) Constitutional isomerism. 2) Stereoisomerism. 1) Constitutional isomerism: The compounds constituting same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of atoms or ions within a molecule is called as Constitutional isomers and the phenomenon is called Constitutional isomerism. 2)Stereoisomerism: The compounds having the same molecular formula vut which differ in spatial arrangement of atoms or groups around the carbon atom is called stereoisomers.

Electrons: Negatively charged ions are considered as electrons. Electrons are discovered by J.J.Thomson. Protons: Positively charged ions are considered as protons. It was discovered by Ernest Rutherford. Neutrons: The ions which contains No charge  are called Neutrons. It was discovered by James Chadwick.