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Cold blooded animals: Cold blooded animals are also called as Poikilotherms.      The animals that varies thier internal body temperature according to the temperature of their surrounding environment are called cold blooded animals.      Ex. Reptiles, Amphibians, Fishes. Warm blooded animals: These are also called as Homotherms.     These animals maintains constant internal body temperature and does not vary thier internal body temperature with respect to the tenperature of surrounding environment.    Ex. Mammals.

Metamorphosis: The changes which takes place in the organisms from juveline stage to adult stage is called metamorphosis. The larval stage is quite different from adult stage. Retrogressive metamorphosis: In this process,larva posses advanced characters while the adult is retained or degenerated with primitive characters. Urochordata exhibits retrogressive metamorphosis where the larva shows advanced characters and adult posses degenerated characters. Progressive metamorphosis: In this process,the adult stage is advanced than larval stage and larva posses degenerated characters, whereas adult posses advanced characters.  It is seen in anurans of Amphibians.

Difference between loading dose and maintainance dose.  Loading dose:         It is quick addition of dose to attain the desired drug concentration.It is not dependent on clearence of drug. Maintainance dose:     It is addition of dose at specified intervals in relation to clearence of drug,to attain steady state concentration of drug.

Dilute soltion: A solution which contains relatively lower  amount of solute when compared to solvent is known as dilute solution.  In this solution solute is present in a very low quantity(only in trace amount) when compared to solvent. Such type of solutions are called dilute solution. Ex: dilute HCL. Concentrated solution: A solution which contains relatively more amount of solute when compared to solvent is called concentrated solution.  In this solution solute particles are more than what it should . So the solution becomes concentrated. Ex: conc.HCL. Standard solution: The solution whose elements concentration is known, called as standard solution. The element or substance whose weight is known or volume is known which is going to add in a solution is considered as standard solution. Ex: 0.54 gms of salt is added to 20ml water.              Here concentration of both solute(salt) and solvent(water) is known, so it is a standard solution.

Solution A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more components. The components are completely soluble in the solution. Ex: Salt+water, Sugar+water. A solution mainly contains solute and solvent. Solute: The component which is present in a smaller quantity in the solution is called solute. Solvent: The component which is present in larger quantity in the solution is called solvent. For example in Salt water solution, salt is solute which is less in quantity, and water is a solvent which is more in quantity.

Plant tissues are of two kinds.Thay are (1)Simple tissues (2)Complex tissues The complex tissues help in transportation of substances in higher plants.In lower plants,transportation takes place by Diffusion,Osmosis and by active transport.         But in higher plants,transportation is done by vascular tissues as substances have to travel long distances.This type of movement of substances by conducting tissues is called Translocation Complex tissues Complex tissues is also called as Vascular tissues or Secondary tissues or Conducting tissues. Complex tissues are of two types.They are: (1)xylem (2)Phloem   Xylem: Xylem is a thick-walled,tubular,placed end to end like pipelines.It conducts water and minerals from roots to stems and leaves.It is uni-directional i.e.upward direction.It provides mechanical strength to the plant.It consists of : Trachieds,Vessels,xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Gymnosperms lack vessels.So presence of vessels is the characte

Organelle or cell organelle Besides the cell wall and cell membrane, there is an another membrane bound structure is called organelles.cytoplasm forms the entire living structure which is present inside the cell membrane.when we observe the cell under the electron microscope, the cytoplasm consists of many tiny structures which are called as Organelles. As we have  different organs in our body,likewise there are different organelles inside the cell.Different organelles have their respective functions. The main organelles which are found in cytoplasm of cell are: Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi bodies Lysosomes Centrosomes(found only in animal cells) Plastids(found only in plant cells) Vacoules Lysosomes.

Cell wall Cell wall is the outermost layer of cell.It is made up of mainly by cellulose other components may also forms cell wall in addition with cellulose in different organisms.It is a non-living structure.It provides shape to the cell and gives rigidity to form the outer covering.It has many functions.It protects the cell and its constituents against mechanical injuries such as damage and infection.Protects the cell from disease causing agents.It allows the substances to enter and leave the cell.It helps in the interaction of one cell to another cell mainly by calcium pectate which is middle lamella.cell wall is a characteristic feature in plants.It is also present in prokaryotes like monerans and also present in some eukaryotes except Animalia.Cell wall is absent in Animals. Cell membrane It is the layer next to the cell wall.Also called as plasma membrane.It is a living structure and very thin,delicate and flexible.Its function is to allow certain substances(not all s